MongoDB

MongoDB is a popular document-based NoSQL database that stores data in JSON format. It’s particularly well-suited for applications requiring flexible data structures.

Creating MongoDB

1. Navigate to the “Databases” page in the dashboard
2. Select “MongoDB”
3. Choose a version (MongoDB 7 recommended)
4. Configure parameters:

Parameter	Description	Example
Service name	Container identifier	my-mongodb
Root username	Admin account	admin
Root password	Admin password	(auto-generated)
Initial database	Default database	myapp

Connection Settings

# MongoDB connection string
mongodb://admin:password@mongodb-container:27017/myapp?authSource=admin

Application Connection Examples

// Node.js (mongoose)
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
await mongoose.connect(process.env.MONGODB_URL);

# Python (pymongo)
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient(os.environ['MONGODB_URL'])
db = client.myapp

authSource

You need to specify authSource=admin in the connection string because user credentials are stored in the admin database by default.

Data Management

Create Collections and Indexes

// Create indexes to improve query performance
db.users.createIndex({ email: 1 }, { unique: true });
db.posts.createIndex({ createdAt: -1 });
db.products.createIndex({ name: "text", description: "text" });

Data Export and Import

# Export a collection
mongoexport --uri="mongodb://admin:password@mongodb:27017/myapp?authSource=admin" \
  --collection=users --out=users.json

# Import data
mongoimport --uri="mongodb://admin:password@mongodb:27017/myapp?authSource=admin" \
  --collection=users --file=users.json

# Full database backup
mongodump --uri="mongodb://admin:password@mongodb:27017/myapp?authSource=admin" \
  --out=/backup/

# Restore database
mongorestore --uri="mongodb://admin:password@mongodb:27017/myapp?authSource=admin" \
  /backup/myapp/

Performance Tuning

Memory Settings

MongoDB’s WiredTiger storage engine uses 50% of available memory as cache by default:

# Custom WiredTiger cache size
storage:
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: 1

Indexing Strategy

• Create indexes for frequently queried fields
• Use compound indexes to optimize multi-field queries
• Avoid too many indexes, as they increase write overhead
• Regularly use explain() to analyze query plans

Performance Monitoring

You can view MongoDB connection counts, operation statistics, and slow query logs in the Piora dashboard.

Common Issues

Authentication Failed

Ensure the connection string includes the authSource=admin parameter and that the username and password are correct.

High Memory Usage

MongoDB uses as much available memory as possible to cache data. You can limit memory usage by setting cacheSizeGB. For a 1 GB RAM VPS, we recommend setting the cache to 256 MB to 512 MB.